Calorie deficit: what it is and how to create one

A calorie deficit means you eat fewer calories than your body burns. It's the one requirement for losing fat — when food energy runs short, your body taps its fat stores. In practice: work out your daily expenditure (TDEE), then subtract about 15–20% (usually 300–500 kcal), giving a sustainable loss of ~0.25–0.75 kg (0.5–1.5 lb) per week. With enough protein (1.8–2.2 g/kg) and strength training you lose fat while keeping muscle. You don't need to starve — too large a deficit slows you down, burns muscle and is hard to sustain.

Find your deficit

How to create a calorie deficit in 5 steps

1

Find your expenditure (TDEE)

Work out how many calories you burn a day. The calculator uses BMR (Mifflin-St Jeor) × an activity factor = your TDEE, the starting point for everything.

2

Subtract 15–20% of calories

Take roughly 300–500 kcal off your TDEE. That's a small-to-moderate deficit that yields ~0.25–0.75 kg a week without much hunger.

3

Keep protein high

Aim for 1.8–2.2 g of protein per kg of body weight — protein preserves muscle in a deficit and is the most filling, so you stick with it.

4

Train for strength

Lifting 3–5× a week signals your body to keep muscle, so you lose fat instead of muscle. Walking and cardio burn extra calories on top.

5

Track and adjust

Weigh in and measure your waist weekly. If there's no drop for 2–3 weeks, take off another ~100–200 kcal or add movement. Weight swings day to day — follow the trend, not one reading.

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How big a deficit to pick

A bigger deficit isn't automatically better — pick it based on how much you value speed versus sustainability and keeping muscle.

Small deficit (~10–15%)

About 150–350 kcal less. The slowest loss (~0.25 kg/week) but the easiest to sustain and best for keeping muscle — ideal if you're already lean.

Moderate deficit (~20%)

About 400–500 kcal less. The sweet spot: ~0.5 kg a week, a good balance of speed and sustainability for most people.

Aggressive deficit (25%+)

Over ~600 kcal less. Faster drop (~0.75–1 kg/week) but a higher risk of muscle loss, hunger and low energy — short-term only, with plenty of protein.

Frequently asked questions

What is a calorie deficit?

A state where you take in fewer calories than your body burns. Your body then uses its fat stores for energy, so you lose weight.

How big should a calorie deficit be?

For most people a small-to-moderate deficit of ~15–20% of TDEE (about 300–500 kcal), giving a sustainable ~0.25–0.75 kg per week.

How do I know my calorie expenditure?

Calculate your TDEE: your BMR from the Mifflin-St Jeor formula multiplied by an activity factor. Our calculator does it automatically from your measurements.

Can I lose fat without losing muscle?

Yes — keep the deficit moderate, protein high (1.8–2.2 g/kg) and train with weights. Those signal your body to burn fat while keeping muscle.

Why did my weight loss stall in a deficit?

As you lose weight your expenditure drops, shrinking the deficit. Recalculate TDEE at your new weight and, if needed, cut another ~100–200 kcal or add movement.

Is a bigger deficit faster and better?

Faster yes, better no: an aggressive deficit eats muscle, tanks energy and mood, and is hard to keep up, so it often leads to rebound. Moderate is more sustainable.

Find your deficit

MicroPlan turns your measurements into calories, a deficit and macros, builds a meal plan and tracks your progress — free, no account.

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